Cat-Printer/printer.py

827 lines
29 KiB
Python

'''
Cat-Printer Core
Copyright © 2021-2023 NaitLee Soft. All rights reserved.
License GPL-3.0-or-later: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
'''
import os
import io
import sys
import argparse
import subprocess
import asyncio
import platform
import zipfile
class ExitCodes():
'Exit codes'
Success = 0
GeneralError = 1
InvalidArgument = 2
PrinterError = 64
IncompleteProgram = 128
MissingDependency = 129
UserInterrupt = 254
def info(*args, **kwargs):
'Just `print` to `stdout`'
print(*args, **kwargs, file=sys.stdout, flush=True)
def error(*args, exception=None, **kwargs):
'`print` to `stderr`, or optionally raise an exception'
if exception is not None:
raise exception(*args)
else:
print(*args, **kwargs, file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
def fatal(*args, code=ExitCodes.GeneralError, **kwargs):
'`print` to `stderr`, and exit with `code`'
print(*args, **kwargs, file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
sys.exit(code)
# Do i18n first
try:
from printer_lib.i18n import I18nLib
for path in ('www/lang', 'lang'):
if os.path.exists(path):
i18n = I18nLib(path).translate
break
else: # if didn't break
error('Warning: No languages were found', exception=None)
except ImportError:
fatal(
'Folder "printer_lib" is incomplete or missing, please check.',
code=ExitCodes.IncompleteProgram
)
# Test if `pyobjc` is there on MacOS
if platform.system() == 'macOS':
try:
import CoreBluetooth # pylint: disable=import-error,unused-import
except ImportError:
fatal(
i18n('please-install-pyobjc-via-pip'),
' $ pip3 install pyobjc',
code=ExitCodes.MissingDependency,
sep='\n'
)
# Test if `bleak` is there
try:
from bleak import BleakClient, BleakScanner
from bleak.backends.device import BLEDevice
from bleak.exc import BleakError, BleakDBusError
except ImportError as error:
raise error
fatal(
i18n('please-install-bleak-via-pip'),
' $ pip3 install bleak',
code=ExitCodes.MissingDependency,
sep='\n'
)
# Import essential basic parts
try:
from printer_lib.models import Models, Model
from printer_lib.commander import Commander, reverse_bits
from printer_lib.text_print import TextCanvas
except ImportError:
fatal(
i18n('folder-printer_lib-is-incomplete-or-missing-please-check'),
code=ExitCodes.IncompleteProgram
)
# Helpers
def flip(buffer, width, height, horizontally=False, vertically=True, *, overwrite=False):
'Flip the bitmap data'
buffer.seek(0)
if not horizontally and not vertically:
return buffer
data_width = width // 8
result_0 = io.BytesIO()
if horizontally:
while data := buffer.read(data_width):
data = bytearray(map(reverse_bits, data))
data.reverse()
result_0.write(data)
result_0.seek(0)
else:
result_0 = buffer
result_1 = io.BytesIO()
if vertically:
for i in range(height - 1, -1, -1):
result_0.seek(i * data_width)
data = result_0.read(data_width)
result_1.write(data)
result_1.seek(0)
else:
result_1 = result_0
buffer.seek(0)
if overwrite:
while data := result_1.read(data_width):
buffer.write(data)
buffer.seek(0)
return result_1
# Classes
class PrinterError(Exception):
'Exception raised when something went wrong during printing'
message: str
message_localized: str
def __init__(self, *args):
super().__init__(*args)
self.message = args[0]
self.message_localized = i18n(*args)
class PrinterData():
''' The image data to be used by `PrinterDriver`.
Optionally give an io `file` to read PBM image data from it.
To read the bitmap data, simply do `io` operation with attribute `data`
'''
buffer = 4 * 1024 * 1024
width: int
'Constant width'
_data_width: int
'Amount of data bytes per line'
height: int
'Total height of bitmap data'
data: bytearray
'Monochrome bitmap data `io`, of size `width * height // 8`'
pages: list
'Height of every page in a `list`'
max_size: int
'Max size of `data`'
full: bool
'Whether the data is full (i.e. have reached max size)'
def __init__(self, width, file: io.BufferedIOBase=None, max_size=64 * 1024 * 1024):
self.width = width
self._data_width = width // 8
self.height = 0
self.max_size = max_size
self.max_height = max_size // self._data_width
self.full = False
self.data = io.BytesIO()
self.pages = []
if file is not None:
self.from_pbm(file)
def write(self, data: bytearray):
''' Directly write bitmap data to `data` directly. For memory safety,
will overwrite earliest data if going to reach `max_size`.
returns the io position after writing.
'''
data_len = len(data)
if self.data.tell() + data_len > self.max_size:
self.full = True
self.data.seek(0)
self.data.write(data)
position = self.data.tell()
if not self.full:
self.height = position // self._data_width
return position
def read(self, length=-1):
''' Read the bitmap data entirely, in chunks.
`yield` the resulting data.
Will finally put seek point to `0`
'''
self.data.seek(0)
while chunk := self.data.read(length):
yield chunk
self.data.seek(0)
def from_pbm(self, file: io.BufferedIOBase):
''' Read from buffer `file` that have PBM image data.
Concatenating multiple files *is* allowed.
Calling multiple times is also possible,
before or after yielding `read`, not between.
Will put seek point to last byte written.
'''
while signature := file.readline():
if signature != b'P4\n':
error('input-is-not-pbm-image', exception=PrinterError)
while True:
# There can be comments. Skip them
line = file.readline()[0:-1]
if line[0:1] != b'#':
break
width, height = map(int, line.split(b' '))
if width != self.width:
error(
'unsuitable-image-width-expected-0-got-1',
self.width, width,
exception=PrinterError
)
self.pages.append(height)
self.height += height
total_size = 0
expected_size = self._data_width * height
while raw_data := file.read(
min(self.buffer, expected_size - total_size)):
total_size += len(raw_data)
self.write(raw_data)
if self.full:
self.pages.pop(0)
if total_size != expected_size:
error('broken-pbm-image', exception=PrinterError)
if file is not sys.stdin.buffer:
file.close()
def to_pbm(self, *, merge_pages=False):
''' `yield` the pages as PBM image data,
optionally just merge to one page.
Will restore the previous seek point.
'''
pointer = self.data.tell()
self.data.seek(0)
if merge_pages:
yield bytearray(
b'P4\n%i %i\n' % (self.width, self.height)
) + self.data.read()
else:
for i in self.pages:
yield bytearray(
b'P4\n%i %i\n' % (self.width, i)
) + self.data.read(self._data_width * i)
self.data.seek(pointer)
def __del__(self):
self.data.truncate(0)
self.data.close()
del self.data
# The driver
class PrinterDriver(Commander):
'The core driver of Cat-Printer'
device: BleakClient = None
'The connected printer device.'
model: Model = None
'The printer model'
scan_time: float = 4.0
connection_timeout : float = 5.0
font_family: str = 'font'
text_canvas: TextCanvas = None
flip_h: bool = False
flip_v: bool = False
wrap: bool = False
rtl: bool = False
font_scale: int = 1
energy: int = None
'Thermal strength of printer, range 0x0000 to 0xffff'
speed: int = 32
mtu: int = 200
tx_characteristic = '0000ae01-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb'
rx_characteristic = '0000ae02-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb'
dry_run: bool = False
'Test print process only, will not waste paper'
fake: bool = False
'Test data logic only, will not waste time'
dump: bool = False
'Dump traffic data, and if it\'s text printing, the resulting PBM image'
_loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop = None
_traffic_dump: io.FileIO = None
_paused: bool = False
_pending_data: io.BytesIO = None
def __init__(self):
self._loop = asyncio.get_event_loop_policy().new_event_loop()
def loop(self, *futures):
''' Run coroutines in order in current event loop until complete,
return its result directly, or their result as tuple.
This 1) ensures exiting gracefully (futures always get completed before exiting),
and 2) avoids function colors (use of "await", especially outside this script)
'''
results = []
for future in futures:
results.append(self._loop.run_until_complete(future))
return results[0] if len(results) == 1 else tuple(results)
def connect(self, name=None, address=None):
''' Connect to this device, and operate on it
'''
self._pending_data = io.BytesIO()
if self.fake:
return
if (self.device is not None and address is not None and
(self.device.address.lower() == address.lower())):
return
try:
if self.device is not None and self.device.is_connected:
self.loop(self.device.stop_notify(self.rx_characteristic))
self.loop(self.device.disconnect())
except: # pylint: disable=bare-except
pass
finally:
self.device = None
if name is None and address is None:
return
self.model = Models.get(name, Models['_ZZ00'])
self.device = BleakClient(address)
def notify(_char, data):
if data == self.data_flow_pause:
self._paused = True
elif data == self.data_flow_resume:
self._paused = False
self.loop(
self.device.connect(timeout=self.connection_timeout),
self.device.start_notify(self.rx_characteristic, notify)
)
def scan(self, identifier: str=None, *, use_result=False, everything=False):
''' Scan for supported devices, optionally filter with `identifier`,
which can be device model (bluetooth name), and optionally MAC address, after a comma.
If `use_result` is True, connect to the first available device to driver instantly.
If `everything` is True, return all bluetooth devices found.
Note: MAC address doesn't work on Apple MacOS. In place with it,
You need an UUID of BLE device dynamically given by MacOS.
'''
if self.fake:
return []
if everything:
devices = self.loop(BleakScanner.discover(self.scan_time))
return devices
if identifier:
if identifier.find(',') != -1:
name, address = identifier.split(',')
if name not in Models:
error('model-0-is-not-supported-yet', name, exception=PrinterError)
# TODO: is this logic correct?
if address[2::3] != ':::::' and len(address.replace('-', '')) != 32:
error('invalid-address-0', address, exception=PrinterError)
if use_result:
self.connect(name, address)
return [BLEDevice(address, name)]
if (identifier not in Models and
identifier[2::3] != ':::::' and len(identifier.replace('-', '')) != 32):
error('model-0-is-not-supported-yet', identifier, exception=PrinterError)
# scanner = BleakScanner()
devices = [x for x in self.loop(
BleakScanner.discover(self.scan_time)
) if x.name in Models]
if identifier:
if identifier in Models:
devices = [dev for dev in devices if dev.name == identifier]
else:
devices = [dev for dev in devices if dev.address.lower() == identifier.lower()]
if use_result and len(devices) != 0:
self.connect(devices[0].name, devices[0].address)
return devices
def print(self, file: io.BufferedIOBase, *, mode='default',
identifier: str=None):
''' Print data of `file`.
Currently, available modes are `pbm` and `text`.
If no devices were connected, scan & connect to one first.
'''
self._pending_data = io.BytesIO()
if self.device is None:
self.scan(identifier, use_result=True)
if self.device is None and not self.fake:
error('no-available-devices-found', exception=PrinterError)
if mode in ('pbm', 'default'):
printer_data = PrinterData(self.model.paper_width, file)
self._print_bitmap(printer_data)
elif mode == 'text':
self._print_text(file)
else:
... # TODO: other?
def flush(self):
'Send pending data instantly, but will block if paused'
self._pending_data.seek(0)
while chunk := self._pending_data.read(self.mtu):
while self._paused:
self.loop(asyncio.sleep(0.2))
self.loop(
self.device.write_gatt_char(self.tx_characteristic, chunk),
asyncio.sleep(0.02)
)
self._pending_data.seek(0)
self._pending_data.truncate()
def send(self, data):
''' Pend `data`, send if enough size is reached.
You can manually `flush` to send data instantly,
and should do `flush` at the end of printing.
'''
if self.dump:
if self._traffic_dump is None:
self._traffic_dump = open('traffic.dump', 'wb')
self._traffic_dump.write(data)
if self.fake:
return
self._pending_data.write(data)
if self._pending_data.tell() > self.mtu * 16 and not self._paused:
self.flush()
def _prepare(self):
self.get_device_state()
if self.model.is_new_kind:
self.start_printing_new()
else:
self.start_printing()
self.set_dpi_as_200()
if self.speed: # well, slower makes stable heating
self.set_speed(self.speed)
if self.energy is not None:
self.set_energy(self.energy)
self.apply_energy()
self.update_device()
self.flush()
self.start_lattice()
def _finish(self):
self.end_lattice()
self.set_speed(8)
if self.model.problem_feeding:
for _ in range(128):
self.draw_bitmap(bytes(self.model.paper_width // 8))
else:
self.feed_paper(128)
self.get_device_state()
self.flush()
def _print_bitmap(self, data: PrinterData):
paper_width = self.model.paper_width
flip(data.data, data.width, data.height, self.flip_h, self.flip_v, overwrite=True)
self._prepare()
# TODO: consider compression on new devices
for chunk in data.read(paper_width // 8):
if self.dry_run:
chunk = b'\x00' * len(chunk)
self.draw_bitmap(chunk)
if self.dump:
with open('dump.pbm', 'wb') as dump_pbm:
dump_pbm.write(next(data.to_pbm(merge_pages=True)))
self._finish()
def _get_pf2(self, path: str):
''' Get file io of a PF2 font in several ways
'''
path += '.pf2'
file = None
parents = ('', 'pf2/')
if not path:
path = 'unifont'
for parent in parents:
if os.path.exists(full_path := os.path.join(parent, path)):
file = open(full_path, 'rb')
break
else: # if didn't break
if os.path.exists('pf2.zip'):
with zipfile.ZipFile('pf2.zip') as pf2zip:
for name in pf2zip.namelist():
if name == path:
with pf2zip.open(name) as f:
file = io.BytesIO(f.read())
break
return file
def _print_text(self, file: io.BufferedIOBase):
paper_width = self.model.paper_width
text_io = io.TextIOWrapper(file, encoding='utf-8')
if self.text_canvas is None:
self.text_canvas = TextCanvas(paper_width, wrap=self.wrap,
rtl=self.rtl, font_path=self.font_family + '.pf2',
font_data_io=self._get_pf2(self.font_family), scale=self.font_scale)
if self.text_canvas.broken:
error(i18n('pf2-font-not-found-or-broken-0', self.font_family), exception=PrinterError)
# with stdin you maybe trying out a typewriter
# so print a "ruler", indicating max characters in one line
if file is sys.stdin.buffer:
pf2 = self.text_canvas.pf2
info(i18n('font-size-0', pf2.point_size))
# get character width
width_stats = {}
for char in ' imMAa0+':
width_stats[char] = pf2[char].width
average = pf2.point_size // 2
if (width_stats[' '] == width_stats['i'] ==
width_stats['m'] == width_stats['M']):
# monospace
average = width_stats['A']
else:
# variable width, use a rough average
average = (width_stats['a'] + width_stats['A'] +
width_stats['0'] + width_stats['+']) // 4
# ruler
info('-------+' * (paper_width // average // 8) +
'-' * (paper_width // average % 8))
self._prepare()
printer_data = PrinterData(paper_width)
buffer = io.BytesIO()
try:
while line := text_io.readline():
if '\x00' in line:
error('input-is-not-text-file', exception=PrinterError)
line_count = 0
for data in self.text_canvas.puttext(line):
buffer.write(data)
line_count += 1
flip(buffer, self.text_canvas.width, self.text_canvas.height * line_count,
self.flip_h, self.flip_v, overwrite=True)
while chunk := buffer.read(paper_width // 8):
printer_data.write(chunk)
if self.dry_run:
chunk = b'\x00' * len(chunk)
self.draw_bitmap(chunk)
buffer.seek(0)
buffer.truncate()
self.flush()
except UnicodeDecodeError:
error('input-is-not-text-file', exception=PrinterError)
if self.dump:
with open('dump.pbm', 'wb') as dump_pbm:
dump_pbm.write(next(printer_data.to_pbm(merge_pages=True)))
self._finish()
def unload(self):
''' Unload this instance, disconnect device and clean up.
'''
if self.device is not None:
info(i18n('disconnecting-from-printer'))
try:
self.loop(
self.device.stop_notify(self.rx_characteristic),
self.device.disconnect()
)
except (BleakError, EOFError):
self.device = None
if self._traffic_dump is not None:
self._traffic_dump.close()
self._loop.close()
# CLI procedure
def fallback_program(*programs):
'Return first specified program that exists in PATH'
for i in os.environ['PATH'].split(os.pathsep):
for j in programs:
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(i, j)):
return j
return None
_MagickExe = fallback_program('magick', 'magick.exe', 'convert', 'convert.exe')
def magick_text(stdin, image_width, font_size, font_family):
'Pipe an io to ImageMagick for processing text to image, return output io'
if _MagickExe is None:
fatal(i18n("imagemagick-not-found"), code=ExitCodes.MissingDependency)
read_fd, write_fd = os.pipe()
subprocess.Popen([_MagickExe, '-background', 'white', '-fill', 'black',
'-size', f'{image_width}x', '-font', font_family, '-pointsize',
str(font_size), 'caption:@-', 'pbm:-'],
stdin=stdin, stdout=io.FileIO(write_fd, 'w'))
return io.FileIO(read_fd, 'r')
def magick_image(stdin, image_width, dither):
'Pipe an io to ImageMagick for processing "usual" image to pbm, return output io'
if _MagickExe is None:
fatal(i18n("imagemagick-not-found"), code=ExitCodes.MissingDependency)
read_fd, write_fd = os.pipe()
subprocess.Popen([_MagickExe, '-', '-fill', 'white', '-opaque', 'transparent',
'-resize', f'{image_width}x', '-dither', dither, '-monochrome', 'pbm:-'],
stdin=stdin, stdout=io.FileIO(write_fd, 'w'))
return io.FileIO(read_fd, 'r')
class HelpFormatterI18n(argparse.HelpFormatter):
'How dare the author of this thing hardcode strings and a colon?'
class _Section(argparse.HelpFormatter._Section): # pylint: disable=protected-access
'For removing trailing hardcoded colon. Many cultures have their own'
def format_help(self):
lines = super().format_help().split('\n')
if len(lines) > 1 and lines[1].endswith(':'):
lines[1] = lines[1][:-1] + '\n'
return '\n'.join(lines)
def _format_usage(self, usage, actions, groups, prefix=None):
return super()._format_usage(usage, actions, groups, i18n('usage-'))
class ArgumentParserI18n(argparse.ArgumentParser):
'For using our i18n instead of gettext'
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs, formatter_class=HelpFormatterI18n, add_help=False)
del self._positionals
del self._optionals
add_group = self.add_argument_group
self._positionals = add_group(i18n('positional-arguments-'))
self._optionals = add_group(i18n('options-'))
def add_argument(self, *args, **kwargs):
if 'required' not in kwargs and len(args) > 1 and args[1].startswith('-'):
kwargs['required'] = False
super().add_argument(*args, **kwargs)
Printer = None
def _main():
'Main routine for direct command line execution'
parser = ArgumentParserI18n(
description=' '.join([
i18n('print-to-cat-printer'),
i18n('supported-models-'),
str((*Models, ))
])
)
# TODO: group some switches to dedicated help
parser.add_argument('-h', '--help', action='store_true',
help=i18n('show-this-help-message'))
parser.add_argument('file', default='-', metavar='File', type=str,
help=i18n('path-to-input-file-dash-for-stdin'))
parser.add_argument('-s', '--scan', metavar='Time[,XY01[,MacAddress]]', default='4', type=str,
help=i18n('scan-for-a-printer'))
parser.add_argument('-c', '--convert', metavar='text|image', type=str, default='',
help=i18n('convert-input-image-with-imagemagick'))
parser.add_argument('-p', '--image', metavar='flip|fliph|flipv', type=str, default='',
help=i18n('image-printing-options'))
parser.add_argument('-t', '--text', metavar='Size[,FontFamily][,pf2][,nowrap][,rtl]', type=str,
default='', help=i18n('text-printing-mode-with-options'))
parser.add_argument('-e', '--energy', metavar='0.0-1.0', type=float, default=None,
help=i18n('control-printer-thermal-strength'))
parser.add_argument('-q', '--quality', metavar='1-4', type=int, default=3,
help=i18n('print-quality'))
parser.add_argument('-d', '--dry', action='store_true',
help=i18n('dry-run-test-print-process-only'))
parser.add_argument('-u', '--unknown', action='store_true',
help=i18n('try-to-print-through-an-unknown-device'))
parser.add_argument('-0', '--0th', action='store_true',
help=i18n('no-prompt-for-multiple-devices'))
parser.add_argument('-f', '--fake', metavar='XY01', type=str, default='',
help=i18n('virtual-run-on-specified-model'))
parser.add_argument('-m', '--dump', action='store_true',
help=i18n('dump-traffic'))
parser.add_argument('-n', '--nothing', action='store_true',
help=i18n('do-nothing'))
if len(sys.argv) < 2 or '-h' in sys.argv or '--help' in sys.argv:
parser.print_help()
sys.exit(0)
args = parser.parse_args()
printer = PrinterDriver()
scan_param = args.scan.split(',')
printer.scan_time = float(scan_param[0])
identifier = ','.join(scan_param[1:])
if args.energy is not None:
printer.energy = int(args.energy * 0xffff)
elif args.convert == 'text' or args.text:
printer.energy = 0x6000
else:
printer.energy = 0x4000
if args.quality is not None:
printer.speed = 4 * (args.quality + 5)
image_param = args.image.split(',')
if 'flip' in image_param:
printer.flip_h = True
printer.flip_v = True
elif 'fliph' in image_param:
printer.flip_h = True
elif 'flipv' in image_param:
printer.flip_v = True
if args.text:
text_param = args.text.split(',')
font_size = int(text_param[0]) if len(text_param) > 0 else None
font_family = text_param[1] if len(text_param) > 1 else None
printer.wrap = 'nowrap' not in text_param
printer.rtl = 'rtl' in text_param
info(i18n('cat-printer'))
if args.file == '-':
file = sys.stdin.buffer
else:
file = open(args.file, 'rb')
mode = 'pbm'
# Connect to printer
if args.dry:
info(i18n('dry-run-test-print-process-only'))
printer.dry_run = True
if args.fake:
printer.fake = True
printer.model = Models[args.fake]
else:
info(i18n('scanning-for-devices'))
devices = printer.scan(identifier, everything=args.unknown)
printer.dump = args.dump
if args.nothing:
global Printer
Printer = printer
return
if not args.fake:
if len(devices) == 0:
error(i18n('no-available-devices-found'), exception=PrinterError)
if len(devices) == 1 or getattr(args, '0th'):
info(i18n('connecting'))
printer.connect(devices[0].name, devices[0].address)
else:
info(i18n('there-are-multiple-devices-'))
for i in range(len(devices)):
d = devices[i]
n = str(d.name) + "-" + d.address[3:5] + d.address[0:2]
info('%4i\t%s' % (i, n))
choice = 0
try:
choice = int(input(i18n('choose-which-one-0-', choice)))
except KeyboardInterrupt:
raise
except:
pass
info(i18n('connecting'))
printer.connect(devices[choice].name, devices[choice].address)
# Prepare image / text
if args.text:
info(i18n('text-printing-mode'))
printer.font_family = font_family or 'font'
if 'pf2' not in text_param:
file = magick_text(file, printer.model.paper_width,
font_size, font_family)
else:
printer.font_scale = font_size
mode = 'text'
elif args.convert:
file = magick_image(file, printer.model.paper_width, (
'None'
if args.convert == 'text'
else 'FloydSteinberg')
)
try:
printer.print(file, mode=mode)
info(i18n('finished'))
finally:
file.close()
printer.unload()
def main():
'Run the `_main` routine while catching exceptions'
try:
_main()
except BleakError as e:
error_message = str(e)
if (
'not turned on' in error_message or
'No powered Bluetooth adapter' in error_message or
(isinstance(e, BleakDBusError) and
getattr(e, 'dbus_error') == 'org.bluez.Error.NotReady')
):
fatal(i18n('please-enable-bluetooth'), code=ExitCodes.GeneralError)
else:
raise
except PrinterError as e:
fatal(e.message_localized, code=ExitCodes.PrinterError)
except RuntimeError as e:
if 'no running event loop' in str(e):
pass # ignore this
else:
raise
except KeyboardInterrupt:
fatal(i18n('stopping'), code=ExitCodes.UserInterrupt)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()